This report is part of a project that LWBC has implemented in association with Lawyers without Borders in Brussels, with the support of the European Union, to strengthen the Rome Statute principles of the International Criminal Court in Colombia. LWBC places great emphasis on “the principle of complementarity”, whereby the use of domestic legal mechanisms should be promoted first and foremost to investigate and punish those responsible for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Colombia. This report draws attention to the special vulnerability of women in armed conflict in matters of sexual violence. Sexual violence has been used in a generalized and systematic manner against them, to subordinate the civilian population and obtain strategic advantages in war. This report also highlights that sexual violence is a phenomen on based on complex social factors and thus requires a comprehensive response that cannot be covered by the criminal law alone.